If your artwork is super clean, you can probably get away with just scanning it as a bitmap at a minimum of 600dpi (800 or 1200 is better), but DON'T save it as a JPEG (that will probably add artifacts that you don't want) -- save it as TIFF. When you save a Photoshop file as EPS, it's not a vector image, it's just a bitmap EPS, so you don't gain anything there.
If your artwork needs to be cleaned up, what I do is scan as a grayscale TIFF at high resolution (again, 600-1200 dpi) -- the file might be huge, but it won't stay that way. Since it's grayscale, you can do things in Photoshop that you can't do with a bitmap. Specifically, you can adjust levels to control the "thickness" of the lines. Or use Image/Adjust/Threshold to do the same thing -- this gives you a preview of how the image will look when you convert it to a straight B&W bitmap, which would be the last step. When you make that conversion and save as TIFF, your file size will go way down.