I understand your need to match other systems. I suppose the thought originally was that percentages mean something.
Where I live, there are signs on the freeway warning you of a car pool lane violation of $271. What an odd number. What does that represent?
Likewise, 0-255. This is an escape from programming land (channels are kept in 8 bits: 8 bits means 2 to the power of 8 (256) different values).
In Photoshop, you can use the # field in the colour picker to enter RGB values in HEX, or 0-255, but CMYK is in %, Hue is in degrees, A and B chroma are in phase shifted 8 bit( -128 to 127) and luminance is 0-100.
Personally I like to use that colour picker to order up my pink in FF00E5 hex, but I would imagine most designers and artists would prefer a more human method.